Framing the Issue No issue demands greater care in balancing benefits and risks than responding to the threat of global climate change. Data indicate that global surface temperatures have risen...

Framing the Issue Many of the most challenging ethical questions of our time address interactions between human health and the environment: How can we balance protection for the environment with...

Smoking-related illnesses cost the United States hundreds of billions of dollars a year in health care expenditures and lost productivity, and claim hundreds of thousands of lives.” Given the enormous...

Since the 1960s, obesity has become one of the most significant health problems in industrialized nations. In the U.S., the percentage of obese adults increased from 13 percent in the 1960s...

A new primer that frames the moral and policy issues around climate change calls it unlike any problem that humanity has ever faced. “No issue demands greater care in balancing...

The Social Value Requirement in Research: From the Transactional to the Basic Structure Model of Stakeholder Obligations Danielle M. Wenner The Nuremberg Code and other research ethics guidelines stipulate that...

Abstract: Providing incentives is an accepted and common practice in human subjects research, including clinical HIV research. While we know that financial incentives among similar studies can greatly vary, surprisingly...

Do U.S. Regulations Allow More than Minor Increase over Minimal Risk Pediatric Research? Should They? It is widely held that children should not participate in research that does not offer...

We examined institutional review board (IRB) policies from the top U.S. research universities to determine how many have policies that define or provide examples of what constitutes a “minor change”...

The notion of exploitation frequently crops up in discussions about the ethics of biomedical research. A standard concern about clinical trials is that they exploit research subjects for the benefit...

Openness is one of science’s fundamental ethical norms, but it should not take precedence over the obligation to protect the confidentiality of data. Deidentifying the data obtained from human genomic...